THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH AND THE WORK ENVIRONMENT: EMPLOYER RESPONSIBILITIES IN THE PREVENTION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ILLNESSES

Abstract

This article sought to investigate the complex relationship between workplace conditions and workers' mental health, focusing on the legal and ethical responsibilities of employers in preventing psychological illness in Brazil. By analyzing current labor legislation, especially after the 2017 Reform, and incorporating perspectives from organizational psychology and labor law, the study argues that neglecting psychosocial well-being is not only an ethical failure, but also a breach of fundamental legal duties, such as guaranteeing a healthy work environment. The main psychosocial risk factors are discussed, including excessive workload, bullying, lack of autonomy, a toxic organizational climate and its harmful consequences, Burnout Syndrome, depression, anxiety, a drop in productivity and an increase in conflicts. It is proposed that the adoption of robust preventive policies, including psychological support programs, adequate workload management, fostering a positive organizational climate and safe reporting channels, is crucial. The conclusion is that employer responsibility for mental health is a legal imperative and a strategic investment for organizational sustainability and human dignity at work.