VIOLENCE IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES

Abstract

 This article aimed to analyze violence in the school environment, its causes, consequences and prevention strategies in the contemporary social context. The methodology was bibliographic and documentary, with a qualitative approach and support from secondary quantitative indicators extracted from the 2024 National School Health Survey, the 4th Escola que Protege Technical Bulletin and national and international frameworks on peace culture, human rights and protection of children and adolescents. The results showed that school violence is not restricted to isolated episodes, as it involves bullying, cyberbullying, physical aggression, discrimination, territorial insecurity, interpersonal conflicts and psychosocial impacts that affect the right to learn. It was also found that prevention depends on integrated actions such as welcoming practices, conflict mediation, social-emotional education, restorative justice, student participation, teacher training, risk monitoring, strengthening family bonds and intersectoral coordination. It is concluded that combating school violence requires overcoming merely punitive responses and consolidating preventive, democratic and continuous policies capable of transforming schools into safe, inclusive spaces for citizenship formation.