OCCUPATIONAL FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN TEACHERS: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

This article aimed to analyze occupational factors associated with musculoskeletal pain in teachers, emphasizing ergonomic aspects and occupational stress, through an integrative literature review. The search was conducted in LILACS and MEDLINE databases, using MeSH/DeCS descriptors related to teachers, musculoskeletal pain, ergonomics, and stress, including studies published between 2021 and 2026. Six eligible studies were included, mostly cross-sectional, addressing pain prevalence, occupational, ergonomic, psychosocial factors, and lifestyle habits. Results indicate a high occurrence of pain in the cervical, lumbar, and shoulder regions, associated with longer years of service, inadequate postures, unfavorable ergonomic conditions, occupational stress, sedentary behavior, and sleep disturbances. Additionally, a correlation between vocal complaints and musculoskeletal symptoms was observed, highlighting the need for an integrated approach. The analysis shows that musculoskeletal pain in teachers is multifactorial, affecting functionality, quality of life, and professional performance. It is concluded that prevention and intervention strategies, including ergonomic improvements, stress management, and physiotherapy, are essential to reduce symptoms and promote healthier work environments.