The STRENGTH TRAINING AS A NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL INTERVENTION IN PRESERVING BONE MINERAL DENSITY IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN: A LITERATURE REVIEW.

Abstract

  Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a highly prevalent clinical condition characterized by the deterioration of bone microarchitecture due to estrogen deprivation. The objective of this narrative review was to analyze the efficacy of High-Intensity Resistance and Impact Training (HiRIT) in preserving bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. The methodology involved a structured search in PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science databases, covering studies published between 2018 and 2026. Inclusion criteria focused on clinical trials with loads ≥80% of 1RM. The findings indicate that high-magnitude mechanical stimuli modulate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and suppress sclerostin, favoring osteoblastic anabolism. It is concluded that supervised resistance training, by combining axial overload and controlled impact, demonstrates superior results compared to low-intensity protocols in BMD maintenance and fracture risk reduction, establishing itself as an essential non-pharmacological intervention in skeletal health.