STEAM INTEGRATION AND COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL: A DIDACTIC SEQUENCE FOR INNOVATION IN TECHNICAL EDUCATION

Abstract

Contemporary education demands the development of professionals with integrated competencies to address complex and future challenges. In this context, the STEAM methodology (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics), combined with Project-Based Learning (PBL), is essential to promote an interdisciplinary and practical education that fosters student protagonism, critical thinking, and creativity. This work proposes a didactic sequence based on the STEAM methodology and PBL, focused on building a low-cost pen CNC machine. The proposal integrates theory and practice in teaching automation, programming, electronics, and design, using accessible technologies such as Arduino and 3D printing. Structured in five stages—conceptual exploration, digital modeling, 3D printing, assembly, and programming—the methodology seeks to develop technical and socio-emotional skills aligned with Industry 4.0. The expected outcomes include fostering student protagonism, critical thinking, and collaborative work. The research contributes to renewing pedagogical practices in Professional and Technological Education, democratizing access to emerging technologies, and strengthening students’ comprehensive education.