OBSTETRIC VIOLENCE: AN ANALYSIS OF CARE PRACTICES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON THE CHILDBIRTH EXPERIENCE

Abstract

Introduction. Obstetric violence refers to abuse and mistreatment during childbirth, a form of gender-based violence that affects women's right to dignified care. This phenomenon is reinforced by unnecessary interventions, neglect, and dehumanization of childbirth. Objectives. The general objective is to analyze how obstetric violence practices impact the childbirth experience. Specific objectives include investigating the factors that contribute to this violence, such as social and racial inequality, and identifying women's perceptions of the obstetric care they received. Justification. This research is relevant in exposing the gender, class, and racial inequalities that perpetuate obstetric violence, contributing to academic, scientific, and social advancement in combating dehumanizing practices in childbirth. Methodology. The methodology used was a bibliographic review, covering articles, theses, and dissertations published between 2010 and 2023, focusing on descriptors related to obstetric violence and maternal health. Results and Discussion. The study revealed that women in vulnerable situations, such as black women and low-income women, are more susceptible to obstetric violence. This violence manifests itself through unnecessary interventions, such as cesarean sections without medical indication, and through the imposition of aggressive practices. The study also identified that lack of autonomy and misinformation are central factors in the perpetuation of this violence. Conclusion. It is concluded that obstetric violence is a serious violation of human rights, and that it is essential to reformulate obstetric practices to ensure a humanized, respectful and equitable birth, especially for vulnerable women.