HERPANGINA: CLINICAL, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL, AND MANAGEMENT ASPECTS

Abstract

Herpangina is an acute viral infection that primarily affects children aged 3 to 10 years, characterized by sudden onset fever, sore throat, and painful vesicular lesions in the oral cavity, especially on the soft palate, tonsils, and uvula. The most common etiological agents are Coxsackie viruses of group A, although other enteroviruses may also be involved. Transmission occurs mainly through the fecal-oral route and, occasionally, through respiratory secretions. The diagnosis is clinical, based on characteristic symptoms and physical examination, with no need for laboratory tests in most cases. Treatment is symptomatic, focusing on pain and fever relief, along with adequate hydration support. The disease is self-limiting, with spontaneous resolution within about a week, and complications are rare. Prevention is based on hygiene measures, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding sharing personal items. Although herpangina is not considered a serious condition, early recognition is important for proper management and caregiver guidance.