BRAZILIAN EDUCATION: HISTORY, ADVANCES, AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

This article aimed to discuss the history, advances, and challenges of Brazilian education in light of its transformations throughout the 20th century. The work employed a qualitative bibliographic research methodology, based on knowledge of issues surrounding the history of Brazilian education. From this bibliographic research, a detailed understanding was sought to highlight the various changes that Brazilian education has undergone. The main result found was that the Brazilian education system—its history, advances, and challenges—is complex, has experienced a trajectory of exclusion and evolution in an attempt at democratization, and faces difficulties in the quality and retention of students. It is divided between infrastructural advances and the challenges of socioeconomic inequalities. The conclusion is that overcoming the barriers that impede educational development requires not only financial investment but also ethical and political commitment and the construction of a quality and democratic public education system.