THE USE OF OSELTAMIVIR IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLUENZA IN CHILDREN: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article sought to analyze current scientific evidence regarding the use of oseltamivir in the treatment of influenza in children. Influenza represents an important cause of morbidity in the pediatric population, particularly among children under five years of age, those who are unvaccinated, or those with comorbidities, as these groups are at higher risk for complications and hospitalization. Evidence demonstrates that early administration of the antiviral is associated with improved clinical outcomes, including a reduction in complications and more favorable hospital progression. The medication showed a satisfactory safety profile and good tolerability among patients, including infants. However, significant variations in prescribing patterns were identified, influenced by clinical, institutional, and socio-assistential factors, as well as gaps in adherence to therapeutic guidelines. Comparative studies with other antivirals and analyses by viral subtype indicated that treatment response may vary according to virological profile and epidemiological context. It is concluded that oseltamivir remains a therapeutic cornerstone in pediatric influenza, and its use should be rational and based on up-to-date scientific evidence.