ROLE OF THE OBSTETRIC NURSE IN GESTATIONAL SYPHILIS IN PRIMARY CARE

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational syphilis represents an important public health problem due to the high rates of vertical transmission and the maternal and child complications associated with the disease. The infection, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, may lead to miscarriage, prematurity, stillbirth, and congenital syphilis when not properly diagnosed and treated during prenatal care. In this context, Primary Health Care plays an essential role in prevention, early diagnosis, and monitoring of pregnant women, highlighting the importance of obstetric nurses in comprehensive and humanized care. Objective: To describe the role of the obstetric nurse in the diagnosis and treatment of gestational syphilis in Basic Health Units, emphasizing its importance in preventing vertical transmission and promoting maternal and child health. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out through a bibliographic review in scientific databases, using articles published between 2020 and 2025. Studies related to nursing care, gestational syphilis, and primary health care were selected. Analysis and discussion of results: The findings demonstrated that the obstetric nurse plays a fundamental role in performing rapid tests, prenatal follow-up, administration of benzathine penicillin, guidance for pregnant women, and health education. The main challenges identified include low partner adherence to treatment, social vulnerability, low educational level, and structural limitations in health units. Facilitating factors include the bond established between professionals and pregnant women, continuous professional training, and educational strategies aimed at prevention and proper treatment. Conclusion: It is concluded that the performance of the obstetric nurse is essential in combating gestational syphilis, contributing to early diagnosis, treatment adherence, and reduction of vertical transmission. Qualified and humanized care strengthens comprehensive assistance to pregnant women and promotes better maternal and child outcomes.