THE CRIMINAL CLASSIFICATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL VIOLENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS

Abstract

This work addresses the criminal classification of psychological violence in the context of affective relationships, highlighting its legal evolution in the Brazilian legal system, with emphasis on Law No. 14.188/2021, which inserted article 147-B into the Penal Code, criminalizing conduct that causes emotional damage to women. The definition and characteristics of psychological violence are discussed, its determining social factors, such as patriarchy and gender inequalities, and the individual consequences for victims, including isolation, low self-esteem, and phenomena such as Stockholm Syndrome. The inadequacy of previous generic classifications is analyzed, as well as the challenges in proving and interpreting the new penal provision, aligned with international commitments such as the Belém do Pará Convention. Finally, strategies are proposed for psychological support and protection of victims, including training of authorities, public policies, and integration with the Maria da Penha Law, aiming for greater visibility and effectiveness in combating gender violence. The methodology used was bibliographic research, with the aid of books, magazines, and websites specializing in the subject.