BETWEEN MISINFORMATION AND STIGMA: CHALLENGES FOR THE PREVENTION AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF HIV/AIDS

Abstract

To analyze the main social, psychological, and economic challenges faced by people living with HIV/AIDS, with emphasis on the impact of misinformation, stigma, and media influence on prevention, early diagnosis, and access to health services. This is an integrative literature review with a qualitative and descriptive-exploratory approach, conducted in the SciELO, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Acervo, databases, covering the period from 2020 to 2025, using descriptors related to HIV/AIDS, stigma, misinformation, and social media. Results: The findings showed that misinformation and the spread of fake news contribute to the perpetuation of myths, hindering the adoption of preventive practices and early diagnosis. Stigma and discrimination were identified as significant barriers to treatment adherence and access to health services, especially among vulnerable populations. In addition, social media demonstrated a dual role, as it can both reinforce inadequate information and serve as a tool for health education. It is concluded that addressing HIV/AIDS requires integrated strategies involving health education, stigma reduction, and responsible communication, aiming to promote equitable access and improve the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS.