EFFECTIVE PUBLIC GOVERNANCE IN BRAZIL: ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES IN TRANSPARENCY AND SOCIAL PARTICIPATION

Abstract

Public governance is a fundamental element for strengthening democracy and improving state management in Brazil. This study analyzes the advances and challenges of Brazilian public governance, with an emphasis on mechanisms of transparency and social participation. The research was developed using a qualitative approach, employing bibliographic and documentary research, with content analysis of academic studies, legislation, and institutional reports published between 2011 and 2025. The study examines relevant legal instruments, such as Law No. 12,527/2011 (Access to Information Law), as well as participatory experiences such as management councils and participatory budgets. The results indicate important advances in government transparency and in expanding channels for citizen participation. However, structural challenges persist related to the culture of secrecy, regional inequalities, technological limitations, and low levels of public capacity to use participatory mechanisms. It is concluded that, despite institutional advances, the effectiveness of public governance in Brazil depends on strengthening social control, expanding civic education, and investing in digital infrastructure.