FROM ENGAGEMENT TO MOVEMENT: EFFECTS OF EARLY PHYSICAL THERAPY ALIGNED WITH ABA IN CHILDREN WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Abstract

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) often present motor deficits, including difficulties in coordination, balance, and postural control, which limit autonomy and participation. Early physiotherapeutic intervention is crucial to take advantage of neuroplasticity; however, therapeutic adherence remains a significant challenge. This study aimed to examine how principles of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) can be integrated into the planning and implementation of physiotherapeutic interventions to improve adherence, engagement, and functionality, in addition to discussing the relevance of early and interdisciplinary approaches for global development and autonomy. An integrative literature review (2014–2025) was conducted in SciELO, LILACS, PubMed, PEDro, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with systematic data extraction and thematic synthesis. Findings indicate stronger evidence for aquatic interventions and motor learning, growing support for Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI), promising use of TheraSuit and hippotherapy, and lack of robust evidence for Bobath/NDT/RTA in ASD. ABA integrated with motor plans improves time on task, practice quality, and generalization. It is concluded that effective interdisciplinary plans should combine the most evidence-based motor interventions, transversal ABA strategies, and objective metrics, along with the need for standardized protocols and national longitudinal studies.