TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE BRAZILIAN PRISON SYSTEM: RESOCIALIZATION AND HUMAN RIGHTS

Abstract

The Brazilian prison system faces a structural and institutional crisis marked by overcrowding, precarious facilities, unsanitary conditions, and the recurring violation of the fundamental rights of individuals deprived of liberty. This paper aims to analyze recent transformations in the prison system, with an emphasis on structural reforms and resocialization programs, evaluating their effectiveness in promoting human dignity and reducing criminal recidivism. A critical analysis methodology is used, based on a bibliographic and documentary review, drawing on classic and contemporary authors in Critical Criminology and Criminal Law, as well as official reports. The results indicate that, although there have been specific advances in education, work, and health programs in prison, structural and operational limitations persist, hindering the effectiveness of resocialization. It is concluded that only permanent public policies and consistent investments can bring the Brazilian prison reality closer to constitutional principles and international human rights commitments.