PHARMACEUTICAL INTERVENTION IN THE PREVENTION OF SELF-MEDICATION WITH ANALGESICS IN PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDED AT COMMUNITY PHARMACIES

Abstract

Introduction: Self-medication is a recurrent practice in Brazil and represents a significant risk to public health, especially among pregnant women, due to physiological changes that enhance the adverse effects of drugs. The inappropriate use of analgesics can cause serious complications for both the mother and the fetus, highlighting the need for effective preventive strategies. Objective: In this context, the pharmacist in community pharmacies plays an essential role by guiding the rational use of medicines and promoting clinical safety. Methodology: This descriptive and exploratory study integrates a literature review in scientific databases (2022–2025) and the application of a structured questionnaire to pregnant women, analyzing factors associated with self-medication and perceptions regarding pharmaceutical intervention. The proposal aims to reinforce educational practices, increase trust in prenatal care, and strengthen the pharmacist’s role as a key health agent in preventing self-medication among pregnant women. Development: The findings revealed that sociodemographic, cultural, and behavioral factors—such as low education, family influence, and diagnostic self-confidence—are strongly related to self-medication. Moreover, the indiscriminate use of analgesics during pregnancy may result in hepatotoxicity, renal impairment, congenital malformations, and preterm births. Pharmaceutical intervention strategies, including pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, responsible dispensing, and educational actions, proved effective in reducing risks and reinforcing pregnant women’s trust in healthcare services and prenatal care. Conclusion: It is concluded that pharmaceutical intervention is indispensable in preventing self-medication among pregnant women, directly contributing to maternal and fetal health. Recognizing community pharmacies as spaces of clinical care and implementing public policies and educational measures are fundamental to consolidating safe practices and strengthening the pharmacist’s role in primary healthcare.