THE ROLE OF THE NURSE IN PROMOTING MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH IN PRIMARY HEALTH CARE

Abstract

This study addressed the role of nurses in promoting maternal and child health within the context of Primary Health Care (PHC), considering the importance of comprehensive care for pregnant women, newborns, and children. Based on the assumption that nurses play a central role in reducing maternal and child morbidity and mortality, the objective was to understand their contributions, challenges, and strategies in meeting the health needs of this population. Methodology: This was an integrative literature review with a qualitative approach, conducted using articles published in the last five years in the SciELO, LILACS, and BDENF databases. The guiding question was: “How does the nurse’s role in Primary Health Care contribute to the improvement of maternal and child health indicators?” After the initial screening, 15 articles were selected; following a detailed analysis and the application of exclusion criteria, 6 studies remained, which demonstrated greater relevance and methodological consistency to answer the proposed question. Results: The findings showed that nurses play a key role in actions aimed at promoting and preventing health issues among women and children, particularly in providing quality prenatal care, early identification of pregnancy risks, monitoring child growth and development, and promoting breastfeeding. Furthermore, educational actions, strengthening bonds with the community, and qualified listening were shown to improve family adherence to care practices and positively impact health indicators. The main challenges identified included work overload, lack of material and human resources, and the need for continuous professional training. Conclusion: The nurse’s role in PHC is essential for strengthening maternal and child health, as it promotes comprehensive and humanized care, expands access to services, and contributes to reducing health inequalities. Valuing this professional—together with investments in public policies, ongoing education, and adequate infrastructure—is indispensable for consolidating effective and sustainable health promotion practices within Primary Health Care.