THE ROLE OF NURSES IN PSYCHIATRIC EMERGENCIES IN PRE-HOSPITAL CARE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Psychiatric emergency care has been a responsibility of emergency services since 2003. The Mobile Emergency Care Service (SAMU) is responsible for providing these services and coordinating the flow to the most appropriate mental health service. Nurses, as members of the mobile emergency team, play a fundamental role in all stages of care, providing care based on technical and scientific knowledge and efficiency. Given the diversity of emergency situations, regulated by protocols with multiple variables, nurses' work stands out by applying their experience combined with science, promoting practices that qualify and strengthen nursing services. Methodology: This is an integrative literature review, using the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), and Interdisciplinary Journal of Health Studies (RIES). The following descriptors will be used: "Pre-Hospital Care," "Mental Health Care," and "Nursing." Studies published between 2020 and 2025, in Portuguese, and addressing the topic in question will be included. Articles in English, paid articles, duplicates, and articles outside the theme and publication period will be excluded. Results and discussion: Psychiatric emergencies still represent a major challenge for health services, requiring technical, emotional, and ethical preparation from professionals, especially nurses. Lack of training and social stigma hinder humane care and compromise treatment adherence. Studies highlight the importance of sensitive listening, a comprehensive approach, and continuing education to improve care and avoid outdated practices. Thus, nurses play an essential role in crisis management, promoting support, safety, and rehabilitation for patients experiencing mental health distress. conclusion: Based on this analysis, it is clear that psychiatric emergencies and urgent care still represent a significant challenge for healthcare services, requiring nurses to be technically, emotionally, and ethically prepared. Difficulties in treatment adherence, social prejudice, and a lack of adequate training among professionals continue to impact the quality of care. Therefore, it is essential to adopt humane practices based on active listening, empathy, and an understanding of the patient's life context, fostering acceptance and strengthening the therapeutic bond. Continuing education for nursing professionals is essential to improve care in psychiatric crises, ensuring ethical, safe, and effective care. Investment in continuing education, protocol updates, and interdisciplinary work contribute to a comprehensive care model that transcends a medication-based approach and recognizes the patient's complexities. In this way, nurses consolidate their role as key agents in promoting mental health and providing more humane and qualified care.