PHAGOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF RESISTANT BACTERIA

Abstract

Bacterial resistance represents a growing threat to public health, reducing the effectiveness of conventional antibiotics and limiting therapeutic options. In this context, phage therapy — a treatment that uses bacteriophages to target specific bacteria — is re-emerging as a promising alternative in the fight against infections caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and members of the Enterobacteriaceae family. This article presents a literature review on the mechanisms of action, advantages, limitations, and applications of phage therapy. Due to their high specificity, ability to replicate at the site of infection, and reduced impact on the microbiota, phages have shown efficacy, including when used in combination with antibiotics. Despite recent advances, there are still regulatory, immunological, and technical challenges to overcome. This study reinforces the need for investment in research and innovation, highlighting phage therapy not just as an alternative, but as an essential strategy in response to the global antimicrobial resistance crisis.