LAND REGULARIZATION: ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PROCEDURES FOR THE REGULARIZATION OF URBAN AND RURAL AREAS IN THE STATE OF PIAUÍ THROUGH EXTRAJUDICIAL ADVERSE POSSESSION

Abstract

This study addresses land regularization as a means to enforce the principle of the social function of property, focusing on extrajudicial adverse possession (usucapião extrajudicial) in the State of Piauí, Brazil. Through a legal and practical analysis, the research explores the normative evolution and social impacts of the instrument, introduced by Law nº 13.465/2017 and regulated by the 2015 Code of Civil Procedure. The study identified key challenges in the implementation of the procedure, such as lack of uniformity in documentation requirements, excessive bureaucracy, and legal uncertainty, while highlighting the benefits of extrajudicial processes, such as reduced costs and timelines. A field survey conducted with lawyers in Piauí provided insights into the efficiency and practical difficulties of the procedure. Based on the findings, solutions are proposed, including technical training, partnerships between notary offices and public administration, legislative simplification, and fiscal incentives for low-income populations. The study concludes that extrajudicial adverse possession is a strategic tool for democratizing access to land; however, its full potential depends on overcoming structural and regulatory barriers, reaffirming its role in promoting social justice and land inclusion.