THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES IN HIP DYSPLASIA

Abstract

Treatment of hip dysplasia (CD) in dogs involves a combination of therapeutic approaches that seek not only to control pain but also to improve the quality of life and joint functionality of affected animals. The use of nutritional supplements, such as chondroitin and glucosamine, continues to be an effective strategy for early cases of the disease, contributing to pain reduction and improved joint mobility. These supplements are recognized for their ability to slow the progression of joint degeneration, as evidenced by several studies. In addition, physiotherapy has proven to be an important treatment, especially in the postoperative period and in older dogs with osteoarthritis, since it helps to improve muscle strength and joint mobility. Acupuncture also appears as an effective complementary therapy in the control of chronic pain, providing significant relief of symptoms, especially in older dogs. However, in advanced cases of CD, surgical interventions become necessary. Arthroplastic excision of the femoral head and neck has shown satisfactory results, allowing affected dogs to return to their daily activities with less pain and greater mobility. Another promising approach is the use of stem cells, which aim to regenerate damaged articular cartilage and reduce inflammation. Although the long-term efficacy of this technique remains to be confirmed, it has shown great potential for joint regeneration, representing a new frontier in the treatment of CD. Additionally, the use of biomaterials to repair damaged cartilage and the adoption of specialized diets have shown positive results in controlling the progression of the disease. The inclusion of essential fatty acids, such as omega-3, and body weight control are recommended practices, as they help to reduce inflammation and minimize overload on the affected joints. Periodic monitoring of the animal's clinical status, using advanced imaging techniques, is also crucial to continuously adjust treatment. Furthermore, raising awareness among pet owners about animal care, both in terms of pain management and the environment in which the dog lives, is essential to ensure the effectiveness of therapies. In terms of future prospects, innovations such as tissue engineering and gene therapies, which aim to regenerate damaged joint tissue, have shown great potential to revolutionize the treatment of hip dysplasia in dogs. These new approaches offer the possibility of more effective and less invasive treatments, significantly improving the quality of life of affected animals.