COMPLICATIONS OF THE USE OF POLYMETHYL METHACRYLATE (PMMA) IN BODY HARMONIZATION

Abstract

This study investigates the complications associated with the use of Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) in the practice of body aesthetic procedures. The use of PMMA as a filler agent has been linked to various complications, such as chronic inflammation, allergic reactions, granuloma formation, and even tissue necrosis. The text critically analyzes the existing literature on the subject, highlighting the challenges and risks faced by healthcare professionals employing PMMA in aesthetic procedures. Strategies for preventing and managing these complications are also addressed, aiming to enhance safety and clinical outcomes for patients undergoing such procedures. The disclosure of serious complications resulting from the improper use of PMMA is a concern both medically and regulatory in Brazil. Medical entities such as CFM and SBCP warn of the associated risks and emphasize the importance of safe procedures performed by qualified professionals. However, irregular practice persists, resulting in complications such as inflammation, infections, and deformities. Despite the responsibility of Anvisa to regulate, clandestine practice remains, posing a serious risk to public health. Finally, this study reports a case of extensive necrosis in the gluteal region caused by the administration of PMMA by an unqualified professional. This study also evaluated the current situation of the application of this product in Brazil, an emerging country, based on guidelines established by medical societies and the recent review of the national literature. Despite the measures adopted by medical societies, numerous acute and chronic complications associated with the administration of PMMA have been reported in the Brazilian literature. In 2016, more than 17,000 cases of complications were reported. However, it is often difficult to obtain reliable epidemiological data since the number of applications, the quality of the product, and the qualification of the professional are not properly regulated.  A considerable demand for corrective interventions to treat complications arising from PMMA use is observed in the Brazilian context. The severity of the mentioned case underscores the urgency of addressing improper practice by unqualified professionals, reinforcing the need for stricter regulation in the commercialization of the product by regulatory entities.