SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PELVIC VARICOSE VEINS IN PATIENTS WITH PELVIC CONGESTION SYNDROME: GYNECOLOGICAL AND VASCULAR PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Introduction: Surgical treatment of pelvic varicose veins in patients with pelvic congestion syndrome has gained prominence in recent decades, especially from a gynecological and vascular perspective. This condition, characterized by chronic pelvic pain and the presence of varicose veins in the pelvic region, significantly affects patients' quality of life. Pelvic varicose veins can result from venous dysfunctions, leading to blood accumulation and increased venous pressure. The surgical approach aims to relieve symptoms and restore venous function, and may involve techniques such as ligation or sclerotherapy. Complications and long-term results of surgical interventions are central issues that deserve attention. Objective: To analyze the available data on surgical treatment of pelvic varicose veins, focusing on the gynecological and vascular perspectives in a context of scientific evidence. Methodology: The research was conducted based on the PRISMA checklist, using the PubMed, SciELO and Web of Science databases. Five descriptors were used: "pelvic congestion syndrome", "pelvic varicose veins", "surgical treatment", "gynecology" and "vascular". The inclusion criteria included articles published in the last ten years, studies that addressed surgical interventions and those that analyzed the quality of life of patients. The exclusion criteria were studies that did not present relevant clinical data, articles that did not focus on pelvic congestion syndrome and reviews without new evidence. Results: The analysis revealed that surgical interventions provided significant relief of symptoms in many patients, with success rates ranging from 70% to 90%. Minimally invasive techniques showed promise, offering shorter recovery times and reduced complications. The relationship between the gynecological and vascular approaches was also highlighted, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary team in the management of the condition. Conclusion: Surgical treatment of pelvic varicose veins in patients with pelvic congestion syndrome has been shown to be effective in improving symptoms and quality of life. Collaboration between medical specialties is essential to optimize results and ensure patient-centered care. Current literature supports the need for further studies to improve techniques and postoperative care, aiming at a better understanding and management of the syndrome.