FERTILITY RESULTS AFTER ENDOMETRIOSIS TREATMENT WITH LAPAROSCOPY

Abstract

This study provides an integrative review of fertility outcomes in women with endometriosis who underwent surgical treatment by laparoscopy, evaluating the efficacy of this procedure in improving pregnancy rates. An integrative review was performed, including articles published between 2010 and 2023. The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched using terms related to "endometriosis", "laparoscopy", and "fertility". Inclusion criteria included studies with prospective and retrospective designs that evaluated fertility outcomes after laparoscopic treatment. Of the 15 studies included, most demonstrated a significant improvement in spontaneous and assisted pregnancy rates after laparoscopy. Patient age and endometriosis stage were determinants of fertility outcomes. Younger women and those with early-stage disease had better prognoses. The recurrence rate of endometriosis was observed in up to 30% of cases after two years of follow-up, highlighting the need for continuous management strategies. Laparoscopy has been shown to be effective in removing endometriotic lesions and restoring pelvic anatomy, contributing significantly to improving fertility rates. However, recurrence of endometriosis remains a clinical challenge, suggesting the importance of rigorous monitoring and complementary therapeutic approaches. The heterogeneity of studies and the lack of randomization in some studies limit the generalizability of the results. Laparoscopy is an effective treatment for improving fertility in women with endometriosis, especially in those diagnosed in the early stages of the disease. Future high-quality randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings and develop strategies to minimize endometriosis recurrence, optimizing long-term reproductive outcomes.