ETHICAL VISION IN IMMANUEL KANT AND ITS INFLUENCES ON THE BRAZILIAN FEDERAL CONSTITUTION OF 1988

Abstract

This article aims to analyze and discuss, from a historical and philosophical perspective, the ethical vision proposed by Immanuel Kant, with special attention to its influence on the Federal Constitution of 1988. Based on the concepts of categorical imperative and hypothetical imperative, Kantian ethics proposes a universal and rational morality, distinguished by its emphasis on the autonomy of the will and on duty. The work exposes the foundations of each of these imperatives and highlights their relevance to modern moral and legal thought. It is argued that the constitutional principles of human dignity, material equality and the protection of inalienable rights clearly reflect the precepts of Kantian ethics. The conclusion reinforces that Kant's moral philosophy exerted a significant influence on the formation of the pillars of the Constitution of 1988, and continues to be studied today, as well as a reference basis in the development of legal norms and in the strengthening of fundamental rights in Brazil.