GENETIC MARKERS OF AUTISM: WHAT IS KNOWN SO FAR?

Abstract

Autism, or Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a complex neuropsychiatric condition characterized by challenges in social communication and repetitive behaviors. In recent decades, research on genetic markers associated with ASD has advanced considerably, revealing a complex and heterogeneous genetic basis. This article aims to provide an integrative review of the most significant genetic markers associated with autism, discussing the implications of these findings for the diagnosis, prognosis, and potential treatment of the condition. In addition, methodologies applied in recent studies will be explored, with an in-depth discussion of the main findings and their repercussions on the understanding of autism.