USO RACIONAL DE ANTIBIÓTICOS E RESISTÊNCIA BACTERIANA NA INTERNAÇÃO PEDIÁTRICA

Abstract

Antibiotics are medications used to treat bacterial infections and are widely used in various fields of medicine. In pediatrics, antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat infections affecting the respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, and soft tissue. Bacterial resistance is a growing phenomenon, resulting from the inappropriate use of antibiotics over the years. When antibiotics are used excessively or inappropriately, pharmaceutical care plays a crucial role in the rational use of antibiotics, as professionals in this field are responsible for implementing measures to reduce the effects of the serious problem of bacterial resistance. Objectives: This work's general objective is to highlight the importance of pharmaceutical care and attention in the rational use of antibiotics to minimize the effects of bacterial resistance. The specific objectives are: To mention how antibiotics emerged through penicillin; To describe what bacterial resistance to antibiotics is; To exemplify the importance of the rational use of antibiotics; To describe the role of pharmacists in guiding the rational use of antibiotics; To examine how pharmacists contribute to the rational use of antibiotics in pediatrics, preventing bacterial resistance. Methodology: The methodology used was a bibliographic review of the literature, covering the years 2020 to 2025. The descriptors used were: Bacterial Drug Resistance and Antibacterial Use. ABNT standards were used for formatting. Conclusion: Pharmacists, professionals specialized in the correct use of medications, such as antimicrobials, have extensive knowledge to answer questions about indications, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, interactions (between food and drugs), toxicity, and adverse reactions. Their work can help improve the chances of successful treatment during pediatric hospitalization and cure of infections, which can lead to cost reduction and appropriate use of these medications.