THE DISSOCIATION BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND STRESS PERCEPTION: A STUDY WITH A BASIC HEALTH UNIT POPULATION IN ESPÍRITO SANTO, BRAZIL

Abstract

Stress has become a well-established modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, especially among populations exposed to social, economic, and emotional vulnerability. In the Brazilian context, daily pressures related to work, financial instability, urban violence, and mental overload contribute to high rates of chronic stress and, consequently, to heart disease. Despite the relevance of cardiovascular diseases in the country, the role of stress is still frequently underestimated in health promotion and prevention strategies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of stress on the cardiovascular health of a group of users of a Basic Health Unit (UBS) in the municipality of Cachoeiro de Itapemirim/ES. The study was descriptive, with a quantitative approach and cross-sectional design. A 90% prevalence of hypertension and a 40% report of cardiovascular disease were observed, with 60% of participants reporting feeling stress or anxiety on a weekly basis, especially due to family problems. It is concluded that chronic stress plays a determining role in the development and worsening of cardiovascular diseases by influencing physiological and behavioral responses that compromise heart health. Thus, it is essential to include preventive programs with educational actions, psychological support, and public policies that integrate mental and cardiovascular health, aiming to reduce inequalities and improve the population's quality of life.