SURGICAL WOUND DEHISCENCE: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Surgical wound dehiscence is a post-surgical complication characterized by the partial or total opening of incised tissue layers, generally associated with infections, inadequate nutrition, or failure in suturing technique. It manifests with signs of local inflammation, purulent exudate, and sometimes exposure of underlying structures such as organs and implants. The risk is increased in patients with diabetes, obesity, use of corticosteroids, or smoking. Treatment involves surgical revision, antibiotic therapy, and if necessary, suturing reinforcement or drain placement. Prevention is focused on proper perioperative management and adherence to aseptic and antiseptic techniques. This narrative literature review gathered articles from major databases aiming to highlight the main causes and symptoms related to surgical wound dehiscence. It concludes that the causes of surgical wound dehiscence can be multifactorial, involving everything from surgical techniques to specific patient conditions. The signs and symptoms of dehiscence can vary depending on the severity of the condition, generally including: separation of wound edges, presence of discharge, presence of bleeding, and pain.