EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF GESTATIONAL TOXOPLASMOSIS IN THE STATE OF PARANÁ FROM 2019 TO 2023

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of gestational toxoplasmosis in the state of Paraná between 2019 and 2023, investigating the prevalence of the disease, demographic characteristics of affected pregnant women, and patterns of diagnosis and treatment. A significant concentration of cases was observed in the first trimester of pregnancy, reinforcing the importance of early screening to reduce vertical transmission and fetal complications. The highest prevalence was identified among women aged 20 to 39 years, suggesting that behavioral, environmental, and socioeconomic factors influence the spread of the infection. Women with high school education had a higher incidence, which highlights the need for educational campaigns aimed at vulnerable populations. Most cases involved white patients, highlighting potential inequalities in access to diagnosis and treatment. Although 72.4% of cases evolved to cure, the significant proportion of cases with no recorded outcome (27.5%) reveals gaps in clinical monitoring and epidemiological surveillance. This study suggests improving reporting systems, strengthening treatment protocols, and integrating public health, education, and sanitation actions. A continuous prevention approach, combined with good hygiene and food safety practices, is essential to improve long-term maternal and fetal outcomes.