PREVENTION AND CLINICAL TREATMENT OF PERICARDITIS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS

Abstract

Introduction: Pericarditis is a significant complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs. This condition results in inflammation of the pericardium, the membrane that surrounds the heart, leading to symptoms such as chest pain and difficulty breathing. The treatment of pericarditis in patients with SLE requires a multidisciplinary approach, given that these patients may present an exacerbated inflammatory response and a higher risk of cardiovascular complications. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved and treatment strategies is crucial for the effective management of this condition. Objective: To evaluate strategies for the prevention and clinical treatment of pericarditis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Methodology: Using the PRISMA checklist, searches were performed in the PubMed, SciELO and Web of Science databases. The descriptors used included “systemic lupus erythematosus”, “pericarditis”, “treatment”, “prevention” and “clinical care”. Studies published in the last 10 years that directly addressed pericarditis in SLE settings were included. Inclusion criteria were: articles that focused on specific clinical interventions, studies that presented data on treatment efficacy and studies that described prevention strategies. Studies that were not in English or Portuguese, articles that did not directly focus on SLE and studies without relevant original data were excluded. Results: The analysis revealed that pericarditis in patients with SLE is often treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids, and the approach may vary depending on the severity and response to treatment. The review also highlighted the importance of continuous monitoring and assessment of possible adverse effects of treatments. Prevention of acute episodes and management of associated symptoms were identified as crucial aspects to improve the quality of life of patients. Conclusion: Prevention and treatment of pericarditis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus require a detailed and personalized approach. Effective strategies include the use of anti-inflammatory medications and close monitoring of patients to adjust treatment as needed. The review highlighted the need for further research to optimize therapeutic approaches and improve clinical outcomes for these patients.