AN ANALYSIS OF RACIAL QUOTAS FOR BLACK AND BROWN PEOPLE IN BRAZILIAN UNIVERSITIES

Abstract

Affirmative action policies are actions or measures adopted by governments, institutions or organizations with the aim of correcting historically systemic inequalities and promoting equal opportunities for minority or historically disadvantaged groups. Among these actions are quotas for black and brown people in Brazilian universities, introduced through Law no. 12,711/2012, known as the Quota Law. Given this information, the present research aimed to analyze the social and legal effects of quotas for black and brown people in universities in Brazil. In methodology, it was a bibliographical review, based on selected books and scientific studies and jurisprudence, whose time frame was between 2018 and 2023 found in databases such as Scielo and Google Scholar. In the results, it was clear that statistical information about the quota policy made it possible to verify a significant increase in the access of black and mixed-race students to higher education; maintaining academic quality, with the presence of quota students; the expansion of schooling and social integration opportunities for the black and poor population; and greater representation of Brazilian society in public universities. In any case, it was clear to see that racial quotas represent a constitutional way of bringing equality to access to education, which is the main tool for human, social and professional growth. Having available programs aimed at including the black population in educational centers is as important as highlighting education as a whole.