RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHLOASMA GRAVIDIUM: LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article sought to identify risk factors for the development of melasma during pregnancy. This is a literature review with articles published in the Virtual Health Library (BVS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and PUBMED databases that took place from August to October 2022, using the following descriptors: risk. Pregnancy. Melanosis, duly registered in the descriptors in health sciences (DECS) through the Boolean operator “AND”. Scientific articles available in full, published in Portuguese and English from the last ten years were included, and abstracts, literature reviews, monographs, theses and dissertations were excluded. 62 articles were found, where after reading the titles, 45 articles were excluded, leaving 22 for analysis, after reading the abstract, 12 articles were excluded, leaving 10 for full reading, after that 5 articles were excluded, leaving 5 that composed this revision. The most predisposing risk factors were exposure to solar radiation, physiological hormonal changes during pregnancy, such as increased levels of progesterone, estrogen and MSH, use of cosmetics and absence of sunscreen and family history. It is concluded that the main risk factors for the development of chloasma gravidarum are hormonal changes during pregnancy and exposure to solar radiation.