RISK AND PROTECTION FACTORS OF TEENAGE PREGNANCY: BRAZIL AND MOZAMBIQUE

Abstract

Teenage pregnancy is considered a social and public health problem, as it can have consequences for the teenager, the child and their family. The present study aimed to characterize the scientific production of scientific articles, on risk and protection factors for teenage pregnancy, in Brazil and Mozambican context. This is study of narrative review of the literature, in which scientific articles were published, between 2005 and 2019. The descriptors used were: adolescence, pregnancy, risk factors, and protective factors. Of 32 articles found, 13 met the established inclusion criteria. Of these, eleven were produced in Brazil and two in Mozambique. The results showed the following risk factors: age group between 12 to 19 years of age, belonging to economically disadvantaged families, promiscuity, having insufficient information about contraceptive methods, desire to assume responsibility, history of maternal pregnancy, low level of schooling, low self-esteem and lack of knowledge about sexuality. The following protective factors were highlighted: attending school, using contraceptive methods, satisfactory family relationships and family support. As this is a study that encompasses two countries, Brazil and Mozambique, it opens new discussions on health problems for contexts, contributing to the definition of health policies, with the aim of reducing risk factors and improving protective factors of teenage pregnancy.