ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ETIOLOGY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MAXILLOFACIAL FRACTURES IN A REGIONAL HOSPITAL IN RONDÔNIA: A 10-YEAR RETROSPECTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the association between the etiology of maxillofacial fractures and the demographic characteristics of hospitalized patients at a regional hospital in Rondônia over a 10-year period. This was an epidemiological, retrospective, observational, and analytical study with a quantitative approach, conducted through the analysis of medical records of patients treated at the Regional Hospital of Cacoal (HRC) between 2014 and 2024. A total of 803 patients diagnosed with maxillofacial fractures were analyzed. A predominance of male patients was observed, corresponding to 79.20% of the cases, with higher frequency among individuals aged 18 to 40 years. Traffic accidents were identified as the main etiology of maxillofacial fractures (69.73%), followed by physical aggression and occupational accidents. The mandible was the most frequently affected anatomical structure, followed by the zygomatic-orbital complex. Statistical analysis demonstrated a significant association between trauma etiology and anatomical distribution of fractures (χ² = 66.34; df = 32; p < 0.001). It was concluded that maxillofacial fractures predominantly affect young adult males involved in traffic accidents, highlighting the need for preventive strategies focused on road safety and reduction of associated risk factors.