FORENSIC RADIOLOGY AND THE DVI PROTOCOL: CONTRIBUTIONS OF IMAGING TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF MASS DISASTER VICTIMS IN BRAZIL

Abstract

Forensic radiology has established itself as an indispensable resource in mass disaster management, contributing significantly to victim identification in critical situations such as plane crashes, structural collapses, and natural catastrophes. Through advanced imaging techniques—such as conventional radiography and post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT)—it is possible to meticulously document individual anatomical characteristics, detect prostheses or implants, and conduct systematic comparisons between ante-mortem and post-mortem examinations. Given this context, the present study addresses the following research question: how can forensic radiology effectively assist in the identification of victims in mass disasters? The general objective of this investigation is to analyze the strategic contribution of forensic radiology to the human identification process during mass casualty events. Specific objectives include: discussing the concept, evolution, and bioethical foundations of the specialty; identifying key imaging techniques applied in forensic contexts involving multiple victims; and evaluating the importance of integrating radiology with traditional methods, such as forensic dentistry and genetic analysis. The methodology employed consisted of a qualitative literature review based on the critical analysis of scientific articles, books, and operational guidelines of national and international significance. The results demonstrate that forensic radiology serves as an essential scientific tool by offering operational speed, a non-invasive approach (Virtopsy), and millimeter-level precision in the process of individual identification. It is concluded that its application optimizes forensic response times and strongly reinforces the humanitarian aspect, providing highly reliable forensic reports that uphold the dignity of the deceased, offer legal support to families, and comply with current legal requirements.