SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF WATER POLLUTION IN THE CITY OF UÍGE, ANGOLA: A CASE STUDY IN THE KAPOTE, DUNGA AND MBEMBA-NGANGO

Abstract

This study analyzes the socio-environmental impacts resulting from water pollution in the city of Uíge, focusing on the neighborhoods of Kapote, Dunga, and Mbemba-Ngango. The investigation is based on the precariousness of basic sanitation and disordered population growth as vectors of degradation of the Candombe and Kulo rivers. Methodologically, a mixed approach was used, combining bibliographic research, on-site diagnosis, and the application of questionnaires to a sample of 150 citizens. The statistical results indicate that 76.6% of the population lives with open sewers and 51.3% reported recent waterborne diseases. In light of authors such as Von Sperling (2014) and Esteves (2011), an advanced stage of artificial eutrophication and compromised public health was identified. The conclusion is that there is an urgent need for structural interventions in sanitary engineering and environmental education programs to reverse the degradation scenario and guarantee the sustainability of local water resources.