PATIENT BLOOD MANAGEMENT (PBM): PRINCIPLES, APPLICATIONS, AND IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE

Abstract

This article aimed to analyze the importance of Patient Blood Management (PBM) as an innovative and evidence-based strategy focused on patient safety and awareness of the use of blood components in clinical practice. This is a narrative, bibliographic, and qualitative literature review, conducted through the analysis of scientific studies related to blood management practices. Based on individualized care, PBM is founded on three main pillars: management of anemia and iron deficiency, reduction of blood loss, and optimization of coagulation. Among the main strategies, iron supplementation, the use of drugs such as tranexamic acid, normovolemic hemodilution, intraoperative blood recovery, and autologous transfusion stand out. The studies analyzed showed that the implementation of PBM reduces unnecessary transfusions, negative clinical outcomes, mortality rates, and length of hospital stay, in addition to improving care and promoting greater patient safety. The positive impact on the financial sustainability of health services is also highlighted, through the optimization of resources and reduction of operational costs. It is concluded that blood management is consolidating itself as an important strategy for improving the quality of contemporary care, although its effectiveness depends on institutional support, the adoption of standardized protocols, and the training of the multidisciplinary team, especially nursing staff.