INFECTIONS IN PEDIATRIC UNITS: CHALLENGES IN THE CONTROL OF HOSPITAL DEVICES

Abstract

Healthcare-associated infections are an important challenge in the context of pediatric units, especially due to the frequent use of invasive hospital devices. In this sense, this study aimed to describe the main challenges related to the control of these infections in pediatric settings. This is a qualitative and descriptive literature review, carried out through the analysis of approximately 40 scientific articles published between 2011 and 2025, in the SciELO, PubMed/MEDLINE and Virtual Health Library databases. The findings showed that devices such as central venous catheters, orotracheal tubes and indwelling urinary catheters are directly associated with the increase in infections, especially when used for prolonged periods. Among the main risk factors are failures in aseptic technique, biofilm formation, immunosuppression and prolonged hospital stay. In addition, challenges related to low adherence to protocols, work overload and structural limitations were identified. It is concluded that the adoption of evidence-based practices, combined with continuous education and the integrated performance of the multidisciplinary team, is essential for reducing infections and promoting patient safety in pediatric care.