INNOVATION, TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER AND CARBON MARKETS: THE ROLE OF SBCE IN GREEN REINDUSTRIALIZATION IN BRAZIL

Abstract

The increasing adoption of economic instruments to address climate change has positioned carbon markets as central elements of contemporary environmental policy. In Brazil, the establishment of the Brazilian Emissions Trading System (SBCE) through Law No. 15.042/2024 represents an important regulatory milestone. However, questions remain regarding its capacity to effectively induce technology transfer (TT) and innovation, which are essential for a green reindustrialization pathway. This article analyzes how recent literature and technical documents address the relationship between regulated carbon markets and TT. An integrative literature review was conducted based on studies published between 2004 and 2024 in SciELO and ScienceDirect databases, as well as institutional documents. The results indicate that international experiences demonstrate potential for fostering innovation, but these effects depend on complementary policies and institutional arrangements. In the Brazilian case, a gap is observed between the sophistication of the regulatory framework and the weakness of innovation-supporting instruments. It is concluded that the SBCE has the potential to promote TT and innovation, but its effectiveness depends on its articulation with the national innovation system.