PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS AND SAFETY AT WORK: CONCEPTUAL EVOLUTION AND GLOBAL TRENDS (1976-2025)

Abstract

Psychosocial risk factors (PRF) are critical elements in occupational health and safety, with direct implications for workers' well-being and organizational efficiency. Despite their importance, few studies systematically map the evolution of this field. This research conducted a longitudinal bibliometric mapping to analyze the conceptual evolution and research trends regarding PRF. A total of 542 publications (1976-2025) extracted from Scopus and Web of Science databases were analyzed using RStudio software. The results reveal a distinct three-stage evolution: an initial phase (1976-2000) with a strong focus on musculoskeletal pain and physical effort; an expansion phase (2001-2013) driven by the introduction of assessment tools, such as COPSOQ, and a greater focus on quality of life; and a consolidation phase (2014-2025) marked by the prominence of themes like burnout, mental health, and robust methodologies. Additionally, a recent geographical shift in research production from Europe to the Americas was identified. The study highlights a clear transition in the literature, moving from a view centered on physical risks toward an integrated understanding of the psychosocial work environment. These findings actively contribute to guiding future management strategies and the formulation of preventive policies.