NURSING PERFORMANCE IN THE PRENATAL CARE OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH HEART DISEASE: STRATEGIES FOR EARLY SCREENING, PREVENTION, AND CARE MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Heart disease during pregnancy constitutes an important cause of maternal morbidity and mortality, especially in contexts of late diagnosis and inadequate prenatal care. The complexity of these conditions requires qualified and systematized nursing practice, focusing on early screening and prevention of complications. The objective of this study was to present the role of nursing in the prenatal care of pregnant women at risk for or diagnosed with heart disease, with an emphasis on early screening, prevention of risk factors, and care management. This is an integrative literature review, with a qualitative approach and descriptive nature, conducted through a search in databases such as SciELO, PubMed/MEDLINE, BVS, BDENF, and LILACS, between July and November 2025. Studies published between 1987 and 2025 were included, resulting in a final sample of 30 articles, selected according to eligibility criteria and PRISMA recommendations. It was evidenced that the nurse plays a central role in the early identification of cardiovascular signs and risk factors, in health education, and in timely referral for specialized care. Strategies such as continuous monitoring, risk stratification, and multiprofessional action contribute to the reduction of maternal-fetal complications and to the promotion of a safer pregnancy. Nursing practice is essential in the prenatal care of pregnant women with heart disease, contributing to early diagnosis, prevention of complications, and improvement of maternal and fetal outcomes, in addition to enhancing healthcare quality.