SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SURGICAL APPROACHES PRESENT IN THE CORRECTION OF THE CRANIOFACIAL ANOMALY GOLDENHAR SYNDROME

Abstract

Goldenhar Syndrome is a congenital craniofacial anomaly characterized by facial asymmetry, auricular alterations, and mandibular involvement, with functional and aesthetic impact. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the surgical approaches used in its correction. The databases PubMed, Scielo, and Google Scholar were consulted, with a time frame between 2009 and 2024, without manual search in references. Studies involving patients undergoing craniofacial surgical interventions were included, encompassing clinical trials, observational studies, and case series, with exclusion of duplicates and studies without relevant clinical outcomes. A total of 25 studies were included in the final analysis, predominantly observational. The outcomes evaluated included facial symmetry, masticatory function, airways, hearing, quality of life, and complications. Study selection was performed by independent reviewers, with data extraction on technique, age, severity, and follow-up. Mandibular reconstructions, bone grafts, and osteogenic distraction were highlighted, associated with functional and aesthetic improvement, with variability in results and risk of bias. It is concluded that the choice of approach should be individualized, considering severity and age, and greater methodological standardization is necessary.