ASSESSMENT OF PAIN ASSOCIATED WITH HORMONAL THERAPY USING ANASTROZOLE AND TAMOXIFEN IN POST-CHEMOTHERAPY BREAST CANCER

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent neoplasms among women, and advances in therapy have increased survival, highlighting the importance of managing long-term adverse effects. Among systemic approaches, hormonal therapy with anastrozole and tamoxifen is widely used in tumors with positive hormone receptors. Despite their effectiveness in reducing recurrence, these drugs are associated with adverse effects, especially musculoskeletal pain, which negatively impacts quality of life and treatment adherence. This study analyzed pain in patients who had undergone prior chemotherapy and were receiving hormonal therapy through a literature review. Anastrozole was found to have a higher association with joint and bone pain, often related to aromatase inhibitor-induced musculoskeletal syndrome. In contrast, tamoxifen shows a lower incidence of pain and is more commonly associated with effects such as hot flashes and gynecological symptoms. Prior chemotherapy, especially with taxanes, proved to be a relevant factor in pain intensification, possibly due to nociceptive sensitization and persistent inflammatory effects. Pain assessment is performed using instruments such as the Visual Analog Scale and the Brief Pain Inventory, allowing measurement of intensity and functional impact. It is concluded that pain is multifactorial and directly influences therapeutic adherence. Management strategies, including physical activity and continuous clinical follow-up, are essential to reduce symptoms and improve clinical outcomes, ensuring treatment continuity and better quality of life.