THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GUT MICROBIOTA AND SPORTS PERFORMANCE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

This study aimed to review the literature on the relationship between the gut microbiota and athletic performance, highlighting how dietary interventions and the use of probiotics can influence the performance of athletes. The methodology consisted of a narrative literature review, conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, selecting articles published between 2016 and 2024, following PRISMA guidelines. After screening, 12 studies were included, analyzing aspects such as short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, inflammatory modulation, nutrient absorption, the gut-brain axis, and evidence in athletes. The results indicate that athletes have greater microbial diversity, especially SCFA-producing bacteria, which contribute to energy metabolism, inflammation reduction, and intestinal integrity. Furthermore, it was observed that moderate exercise favors the microbiota, while intense training can increase intestinal permeability. Probiotic supplementation showed benefits for immunity and recovery, although this depends on individual factors. It is concluded that the gut microbiota plays a relevant role in athletic performance, but further studies are still needed to establish personalized protocols and more precise recommendations for athletes.