ROBOTICS APPLIED TO THE ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE CAPACITY IN CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS: A CASE STUDY INVOLVING CHILDREN WITH ASD AND ADHD AT A DAYCARE CENTER IN SÃO LUÍS, MARANHÃO

Abstract

Educational robotics has emerged as a promising tool for stimulating logical reasoning, creativity, and decision-making, especially in inclusive contexts. The present study aimed to develop and evaluate an interactive robot focused on stimulating the cognitive functions of children with intellectual disabilities. This is applied research, designed as a case study and conducted with a group of children assisted by a specialized institution. A qualitative-quantitative approach was adopted, combining semi-structured interviews with educators and the application of structured questionnaires to measure cognitive indicators. Data were collected through participant observation, performance records, and documentary analysis. The robot, named Robus, was developed based on the "Mouse Robot" model, using distance sensors, traction motors, and a 3D-printed structure, programmed on the Arduino platform. The results indicated significant improvement in the participants' concentration, strategic planning, and logical reasoning, evidenced by both qualitative reports and descriptive statistical data. It is concluded that the proposal presents technical feasibility and potential as an inclusive pedagogical resource, contributing to the cognitive development of children with intellectual disabilities and expanding the possibilities for playful and accessible educational intervention.