RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HPV INFECTION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CERVICAL CANCER: PREVENTION AND CONTROL STRATEGIES

Abstract

This article sought to analyze the relationship between Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and the development of cervical cancer, highlighting the main risk factors and prevention and control strategies. The research was based on a bibliographic review of national and international scientific articles available in Bireme, PUBMED, and LILACS, addressing epidemiological, molecular, and public health aspects. The results show that high-risk genotypes, especially types 16 and 18, are responsible for about 70% of cervical cancer cases, acting through viral oncoproteins E6 and E7, which inhibit the p53 and pRb proteins, promoting neoplastic transformation. Public health policies such as HPV vaccination and cytopathological screening have proven effective in reducing incidence and mortality, although challenges remain regarding vaccine coverage and equitable access. In addition, health education and female awareness initiatives have shown a positive impact on adherence to preventive measures. It is concluded that strengthening immunization, screening, and health education strategies is essential for eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem.