FUNCTIONAL AND AESTHETIC RESULTS IN HYPOSPADIAS CORRECTION: A COMPARISON OF SURGICAL TECHNIQUES

Abstract

Hypospadias is a frequent congenital anomaly of the male genitourinary tract, whose surgical correction aims to restore voiding function and penile aesthetics. This study consisted of an integrative literature review, aiming to compare the functional and aesthetic results of the main techniques used in hypospadias repair, including the Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP/Snodgrass) and flap-based methods, such as the onlay island flap. Twenty-two studies published between 2010 and 2025 in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and SciELO databases were selected. The results indicated that the TIP performs better in distal hypospadias, with lower complication rates, better urinary flow, and greater aesthetic satisfaction. Flap techniques proved more suitable for proximal forms, especially in cases of inadequate urethral plaque, although associated with higher fistula rates and the need for reintervention. There was extensive methodological heterogeneity among the studies, especially in the criteria for functional and aesthetic evaluation. It is concluded that the choice of technique should be individualized, considering anatomical factors, surgical experience, and standardized assessment instruments, in order to optimize results and reduce postoperative morbidity.