STUDYING THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF WASTE AND PROPOSING SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN CLINICAL LABORATORIES

Abstract

This research aims to present the main sustainable practices in clinical laboratories to reflect on the challenges faced and emphasize the relevance of cooperation between different social actors in achieving sustainability. The inadequate management of laboratory waste represents a growing challenge for the health sector and the environment, since these materials may contain toxic chemicals, pathogenic biological agents, and sharps, posing risks to public health and ecosystems. The study is based on a qualitative literature review, grounded in current legislation, such as ANVISA Resolution RDC No. 222/2018 and CONAMA Resolution No. 358/2005, which regulate the management of healthcare waste. The research addresses waste classification, appropriate methods of segregation, packaging, collection, transport, and final disposal, highlighting the importance of adopting standardized protocols and continuous training for the professionals involved. Furthermore, this work discusses sustainable alternatives that can be implemented in the laboratory environment, such as the rational use of reagents and supplies, the replacement of disposable materials with biodegradable versions, the optimization of water and energy consumption, and the application of environmental awareness programs aimed at employees. Such measures contribute not only to the preservation of the environment but also to the construction of an institutional culture focused on socio-environmental responsibility and the promotion of collective health. It concludes that the adoption of sustainable practices in clinical laboratories is essential for reducing environmental impacts and complying with current health and environmental regulations. The implementation of an effective waste management system strengthens the institution's image, promotes occupational safety, and encourages the ethical commitment of biomedical professionals to sustainable development.