TRANSLATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE: BIOMARKERS, DIAGNOSTIC ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE, AND NEW FRONTIERS IN NEUROREGENERATIVE THERAPY

Abstract

Neurological disorders remain a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, posing immense challenges to modern medicine. Over the past decade, advances in functional neuroimaging, molecular biomarkers, neuroplasticity research, and artificial intelligence (AI) have profoundly reshaped neuroscience. This narrative review analyzed evidence published between 2015 and 2025 regarding the integration of biomarkers, diagnostic AI systems, and emerging neuroregenerative therapies in conditions such as stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and traumatic brain or spinal cord injury. The reviewed studies suggest that the convergence of data science, molecular neurobiology, and regenerative technologies defines a new era of translational neuroscience, focused on predictive, personalized, and restorative medicine. Neuroplasticity — the biological foundation of brain adaptation — stands as the cornerstone of this revolution, driving innovative interventions aimed at repairing neural circuits and restoring cognitive and motor function.